UDC
678.8
DOI
10.18577/2307-6046-2026-0-10-161-173
Article PDF (Russian) (694.56 KB)
How to cite
K. V. Makrushin, A. A. Barannikov, I. A. Ishchenko, M. M. Platonov, A. N. Babin Ways to achieve fire safety of fabric-film materials used in the manufacturing of flexible air conditioning pipelines // Proceedings of VIAM. 2026. No. 10 (164). С. 161-173. URL: https://www.viam-works.ru. DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2026-0-10-161-173.

Ways to achieve fire safety of fabric-film materials used in the manufacturing of flexible air conditioning pipelines

K. V. Makrushin1, A. A. Barannikov1, I. A. Ishchenko1, M. M. Platonov2, A. N. Babin2

1Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia; admin@viam.ru
2Limited Liability Company «Scientific Research Center «Modern Polymer Materials», Moscow, Russia; info@nic-spm.ru

Abstract

This article presents the key methods for achieving fire safety in fabric-film materials used for the manufacture of flexible ducts for air conditioning systems in aircraft. Fire safety for these products is a key requirement and is essential for the safety of aircraft using air conditioning systems. This article provides information on the influence of the chemical structure of polymer coatings on flexible air ducts' fire safety. Various flame retardant options are discussed. Detailed information, its analysis, and conclusions on the issue under study are provided.

Keywords
fabric-film materials, flexible ducts, air conditioning systems, fire safety, requirements, flame retardants


Reference list
  1. State Standard 22607–77. Air conditioning systems for aircraft and helicopters. Terms and definitions. Moscow: Standards Publishing House, 1977, 7 p.
  2. Tkacheva V.R., Galka G.A. Overview of existing aircraft air conditioning systems. Molodoy Ucheny, 2016, no. 23 (127), pp. 91–95.
  3. Kablov E.N. What the future is made of? New-generation materials, technologies for their creation and processing – the foundation of innovation. Krylya Rodiny, 2016, no. 5, pp. 8–18.
  4. Startsev V.O., Antipov V.V., Slavin A.V., Gorbovets M.A. Modern domestic polymer composite materials for aviation industry (review). Aviation materials and technologies, 2023, no. 2 (71), pp. 122–144. Available at: http://www.journal.viam.ru (accessed: March 14, 2026). DOI: 10.18577/2713-0193-2023-0-2-122-144.
  5. Erasov V.S., Sibayev I.G. Scheme for the development and evaluation of properties of structural aviation composite materials. Aviation materials and technologies, 2023, no. 1 (70), pp. 61–81. Available at: http://www.journal.viam.ru (accessed: March 14, 2026). DOI: 10.18577/2713-0193-2023-0-1-61-81.
  6. Kablov E.N. Key directions in the development of materials for aerospace technology. Perspektivnye materialy, 2000, no. 3, pp. 27–36.
  7. Veshkin E.A., Satdinov R.A., Postnov V.I., Strelnikov S.V. Modern polymer materials for manufacture of elements of the air conditioning system in flying apparatus. Trudy VIAM, 2017, no. 12 (60), pp. 63–73. URL: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: March 14, 2026). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2017-0-12-6-6.
  8. Kablov E.N. Materials: The Foundation of Any Endeavor. Delovaya slava Rossii, 2013, no. 2, pp. 4–9.
  9. Ivanov M.S., Pavlukovich N.G., Donskih I.N., Morozova V.S. Influence of operational factors on the properties of fabricfilm material for lowpressure air ducts of the air conditioning system of aircraft. Trudy VIAM, 2023, no. 4 (122), pp. 118–127. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: March 14, 2026). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2023-0-4-118-127.
  10. Starkov A.I., Kutsevich K.E., Isaev A.Yu., Barbotko S.L., Barannikov A.A. Study of flammability, smoke formation and toxicity in the process of combustion of polymer composite materials and three-layer honeycomb structures based on them. Trudy VIAM, 2025, no. 6 (148), pp. 73–85. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: March 14, 2026). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2025-0-6-73-85.
  11. State Standard 19907–2015. Electrical insulating fabrics made of twisted glass multifilament yarns. Moscow: Standartinform, 2015, 12 p.
  12. Dvornic P.R. Thermal properties of polysiloxanes in Silicon-Containing Polymers. The Science and Technology of Their Synthesis and Applications. Eds. R.G. Jones, W. Ando, J. Chojnowski. Springer, 2000, pp. 185–213.
  13. Buch R.R. Rates of heat release and related fire parameters for silicones. Fire Safety Journal, 1991, vol. 17, pp. 1–12.
  14. Hshieh F.Y. Shielding effects of silica-ash layer on the combustion of silicones and their possible applications on the fire retardancy of organic polymers. Fire and Materials, 1998, vol. 22, pp. 69–76.
  15. Mansouri J., Burford R.P., Cheng Y.B., Hanu L. Formation of strong ceramified ash from silicone-based compositions. Journal of Materials Science, 2005, vol. 40, pp. 5741–5749.
  16. David C.T. Silicone Rubber Flame Resistance. Proceedings of the Hose Manufacturer Conference. Hague, 2007, p. 14.
  17. Dvornic P.R. High Temperature Stability of Polysiloxanes in Silicon Compounds: Silanes and Silicones. Gelest Catalog. Morrisville, 2004, pp. 419-432.
  18. Grassie N., Macfarlane I.G. The thermal degradation of polysiloxanes. I. Poly(dimethylsiloxane). European Polymer Journal, 1978, vol. 14, pp. 875-884.
  19. Jovanovic J.D., Govedarica M.N., Dvornic P.R., Popovic I.G. The thermogravimetric analysis of some polysiloxanes. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1998, vol. 61, pp. 87-93.
  20. Deshpande G., Rezac M.E. The effect of phenyl content on the degradation of poly(dimethyl diphenyl) siloxane copolymers. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2001, vol. 74, pp. 363-370.
  21. Grassie N., Francey K.F., Macfarlane I.G. The thermal degradation of polysiloxanes. Part 4: Poly(dimethyl/diphenyl siloxane). Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1980, vol. 2, pp. 67-83.
  22. Hadayashida K., Tsuge S., Ohtani H. Flame retardant mechanism of polydimethylsiloxane material containing platinum compound studied by analytical pyrolysis technique and alkaline gas chromatography. Polymer, 2003, vol. 44, pp. 5611-5616.
  23. Silicone Coated Base Material and Air Bag Base Material: pat. US 5529837A; appl. 27.02.95; publ. 25.06.96.
  24. Zhou X., Qiu S.L., Mu X.W. et al. Polyphosphazenes-based flame retardants: A review. Composites. Part B: Engineering, 2020, vol. 202, p. 108397.
  25. Cai W., Lin B., Qi L. et al. Bio-based and fireproof radiative cooling aerogel film: Achieving higher sustainability and safety. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, vol. 488, p. 150784.
  26. Shen S., Xin Y., Niu Z. et al. Phosphazene derivative cross-linked liquid silicone rubber and its mechanical and thermal properties. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2022, vol. 203, p. 110086.
  27. Cao C.F., Yu B., Huang J. et al. Biomimetic, Mechanically Strong Supramolecular Nanosystem Enabling Solvent Resistance, Reliable Fire Protection and Ultralong Fire Warning. ACS Nano, 2022, vol. 16, pp. 20865-20876.
  28. Huang X., Tian Z., Zhang D. et al. The synergetic effect of antimony (Sb₂O₃) and melamine cyanurate (MCA) on the flame-retardant behavior of silicon rubber. Polymer Bulletin, 2020, vol. 78, pp. 185-202.
  29. Zhou C., Wang J., Li J., Shi J. Thermal aging properties of flame retardant silicone rubber based on melamine cyanurate. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2020, vol. 138, p. 49919.
  30. Wu T., Qiu J., Lai X. et al. Effect and mechanism of hepta-phenyl vinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane on the flame retardancy of silicone rubber. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2019, vol. 159, pp. 163-173.
  31. Wu Q., Gong L.-X., Li Y. et al. Efficient Flame Detection and Early Warning Sensors on Combustible Materials Using Hierarchical Graphene Oxide/Silicone Coatings. ACS Nano, 2018, vol. 12, pp. 416-424.
  32. Rybinski P., Syrek B., Bradlo D., Žukowski W. Effect of POSS Particles and Synergism Action of POSS and Poly-(Melamine Phosphate) on the Thermal Properties and Flame Retardance of Silicone Rubber Composites. Materials, 2018, vol. 11, p. 1298.
  33. Zhang W., Camino G., Yang R. Polymer/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanocomposites: An overview of fire retardance. Progress in Polymer Science, 2017, vol. 67, pp. 77-125.
  34. Gao X., Liu H., Wei H. et al. Effect of incompletely condensed tri-silanol-phenyl-POSS on the thermal stability of silicone rubber. Polymer Bulletin, 2018, vol. 76, pp. 2835-2850.
  35. Yaoke D., Yuan Z., Wang J. Synthesis of a phosphorus-containing trisilanol POSS and its application in RTV composites. e-Polymers, 2018, vol. 18, pp. 237-245.
  36. Zhu C., Deng C., Cao J.-Y., Wang Y.-Z. An efficient flame retardant for silicone rubber: Preparation and application. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2015, vol. 121, pp. 42-50.
  37. Konstantinova A., Yudaev P., Orlov A. et al. Aryloxypolyshazene-Modified and Graphite-Filled Epoxy Compositions with Reduced Flammability and Electrically Conductive Properties. Journal of Composites Science, 2023, vol. 7, p. 417.
  38. Bornosuz N.V., Gorbunova I.Y., Kireev V.V. et al. Synthesis and Application of Arylaminophosphazene as a Flame Retardant and Catalyst for the Polymerization of Benzoxazines. Polymers, 2021, vol. 13, p. 263.
  39. Orlov A., Konstantinova A., Korotkov R. et al. Epoxy Compositions with Reduced Flammability Based on DER-354 Resin and a Curing Agent Containing Aminophosphazenes Synthesized in Bulk Isophoronediamine. Polymers, 2022, vol. 14, p. 3592.
  40. Yang J., Ma W., Hu D. et al. Facile preparation and flame retardancy mechanism of cyclophosphazene derivatives for highly flame-retardant silicone rubber composites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2020, vol. 138, p. 50297.
  41. Nazir M.T., Khalid A., Kabir I. et al. Flame Retardancy and Excellent Electrical Insulation Performance of RTV Silicone Rubber. Polymers, 2021, vol. 13, p. 2854.
  42. Chen X., Li M., Zhuo J. et al. Influence of Fe2O3 on smoke suppression and thermal degradation properties in intumescent flame-retardant silicone rubber. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2015, vol. 123, pp. 439–448.
  43. Aluminium hydroxide FRAMIAL. Available at: https://geokom.com/ru/framial/ (accessed: March 03, 2026).
The article was submitted
2026-06-18
approved and accepted for publication after reviewing
2026-07-20